{"id":5302,"date":"2023-05-01T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/?p=5302"},"modified":"2023-04-29T20:40:02","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T18:40:02","slug":"mamutska-osa-megascolia-maculata-preparirani-insekat-inv-br-p-869","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/?p=5302&lang=sr","title":{"rendered":"Mamutska osa (Megascolia maculata), preparirani insekat (inv. br. P-869)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p> Ujedinjene nacije 20. maja obele\u017eavaju Svetski dan p\u010dela, koji ima za cilj da skrene pa\u017enju na zna\u010daj opra\u0161iva\u010da, pretnje sa kojima se suo\u010davaju i njihov doprinos odr\u017eivom razvoju. Sa istom namerom u Gradskom muzeju Subotica predmet meseca maja je preparat mamutske ose, koja spada u insekte opra\u0161iva\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Mamutska osa (<em>Megascolia maculata<\/em>) je vrsta insekata koja pripada porodici <em>Scoliidae<\/em>. Najve\u0107i su opnokrilci u Evropi, \u017eenke mogu dosti\u0107i i do 45 mm, ali je mu\u017ejaci su manji, oko 30 mm. Glava \u017eenke je \u017eute boje, sa tamnom \u0161arom na \u010delu u obliku krune, glava mu\u017ejaka je crna. Tela su im crna, gusto krzna, sa \u010detiri karakteristi\u010dne \u017eute ta\u010dke na stomaku i crvenkasto-sme\u0111im dla\u010dicama na vrhu stomaka. Na nogama imaju \u0161iljke, krila su im zagasito-ljubi\u010dasta. Samo \u017eenke imaju \u017eaoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Ovaj insekt je rasprostranjen u ju\u017enoj Evropi. Nastanjuje hrastove \u0161ume i \u0161iblja, ali se naseljava i u ljudska naselja. Leti od maja do oktobra, mo\u017eemo ih sresti u toplim danima. Odrasle jedinke se hrane nektarom cve\u0107a, \u0161to ih \u010dini va\u017enim opra\u0161iva\u010dima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Mamutska osa je parazitoid, \u0161to zna\u010di da joj je za razmno\u017eavanje potrebna larva ve\u0107ih insekata, poput gundelja, jelenaka, bube nosorog, bube zlate. \u017denka detektuje skrivene larve u zemlji\u0161tu ili drvetu, a zatim ubode larvu svojim \u017eaokom kroz drvo ili tako da se ukopa u zemlju, i parali\u0161e je posebnim otrovom. U paralizovanu larvu pola\u017ee jaja, a larva koja se izlegla jede jo\u0161 \u017eivu larvu. Stoga, osim uloge u opra\u0161ivanju, ose su i va\u017eni elementi biolo\u0161ke za\u0161tite od \u0161teto\u010dina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Mamutska osa izgleda zastra\u0161uju\u0107e zbog svoje veli\u010dine i glasnog zujanja, ali uop\u0161te nije agresivna i bezopasna je za ljude. \u010cesto se zamenjuje sa zaista opasnom str\u0161ljenom, iako se od njega lako mo\u017ee razlikovati po prepoznatljivim \u0161arama na trbu\u0161nom delu. U su\u0161tini, mamutska osa je miroljubiva, ne\u017ena \u017eivotinja i lako se mo\u017ee oterati, \u017eaoku koristi samo kada je uhva\u0107ena. Njen ubod nije opasan. Zato ne treba da je se pla\u0161imo, naprotiv da se radujemo kada sretnemo ovu osu!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Predmet meseca maja mo\u017ee se pogledati na stalnoj postavci <em>Priroda i \u010dovek<\/em> Gradskog muzeja Subotica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"> Gabrijela Kajdo\u010di Lovas<br> biolog-antropolog, vi\u0161i kustos<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"5304\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/?attachment_id=5304\" class=\"wp-image-5304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-667x500.jpg 667w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Larva_Megascolia_maculata_and_larva_Oryctes_nasicornis.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"947\" height=\"757\" src=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"5305\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/?attachment_id=5305\" class=\"wp-image-5305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1.jpg 947w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1-625x500.jpg 625w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1-375x300.jpg 375w, https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/megascolia-maculata1-768x614.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 947px) 100vw, 947px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ujedinjene nacije 20. maja obele\u017eavaju Svetski dan p\u010dela, koji ima za cilj da skrene pa\u017enju na zna\u010daj opra\u0161iva\u010da, pretnje sa kojima se suo\u010davaju i njihov doprinos odr\u017eivom razvoju. Sa istom namerom u Gradskom muzeju Subotica predmet meseca maja je preparat mamutske ose, koja spada u insekte opra\u0161iva\u010de. Mamutska osa (Megascolia maculata) je vrsta insekata koja [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1106],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5302"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5306,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5302\/revisions\/5306"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gradskimuzej.subotica.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}